The Feminist Movement and Adrienne Richs Power :: Womens Studies

The Feminist Movement and Adrienne Rich's Power "Power," which was written in 1978 by Adrienne Rich, parallels the Feminist Movement that went into full swing roughly ten years earlier. The poem asks that we revise the traditions regarding the roles of women and relates it to Marie Curie, a famous scientist who preceded the Feminist Movement by about 100 years. The bottle and earth described in the first six lines parallel the struggle for women's rights and those who were refusing to accept change. The poem begins describing an excavation: "a backhoe divulged out of a crumbling flank of earth" a bottle of "tonic/ for living on this earth in the winters of this climate" (lines2-5). The fact that this specific tool used to uncover the bottle indicates that much of the earth around it had already been taken away, and the remaining soil had to be removed bit by bit as to preserve the tonic and free it wholly. This, too, can be said for the Feminist Movement of the 60s; the final success of the movement was a result of the distinction of what particularly had to be changed. The larger pieces of earth removed are the successes of women before them, such as the recognition of women's rights. The final bits of earth are the individual rights of women, such as abortion rights and equal rights. The earth stands for those who are not willing to foreg o tradition and accept change. What specifically does the tonic describe? "Tonic" means "an invigorating, refreshing, or restorative agent" ("tonic"). It makes sense that this "restorative" agent be rediscovered because its very meaning implies that something be brought back. This again makes sense in comparison to the Feminist Movement of the 60s because the predecessor's work for women's rights reemerged as they campaigned for individual rights. When Marie Curie is described later, the connection can be made between her and the excavation because she represents those who had freed up much of the barriers women faced, especially because Marie Curie's career as a physicist was unprecedented&emdash;she was the only woman at the 1911 Berlin Conference, and not even a man had won two Nobel Peace Prizes at that time (Gioia and Kennedy, 1247). Marie Curie's determination to work with the dangerous elements that destroyed her body can be likened again to the Feminist Movement. She strove to attain understanding of elements until it killed her.

Mercantilism: International Trade and Favorable Balance

During the Age of Exploration, mercantilism was the main economic philosophy. Mercantilism is a collection of governmental policies for the regulation of economic activities, mainly commercial activities, by and for the state. There are multiple ideas that characterize mercantilism. Mercantilism is characterized by the country applying policies and institutions such as the Navigational Acts, towards having a favorable balance of trade, extending borders, and having all of the economic goals set towards enriching the mother country. Having a favorable balance of trade was essential to mercantilism.A favorable balance of trade meant that there were more goods leaving the country to be sold (exports) than there were goods coming into the country to be bought (imports). This allows the country to be making more money than it’s losing. This means that the country will be making a profit instead of losing money or being at a standstill economically speaking. Jean Baptiste Colbert of France applied this idea to France by making France self-sufficient, so that France would not have to buy anything outside of itself meaning no imports.He did this by setting up a system of state inspection and regulation on domestic goods. He made domestic industries meet very high standards on their products because then the French could buy high quality goods locally instead of buying the same goods internationally. Also, a key component for France’s favorable balance of trade included Colbert applying high tariffs to imports. This would encourage the French to buy less goods from other countries. This gave citizens a higher incentive to stop buying imports and to buy domestically made goods.Now French goods were of high quality and they were much cheaper than imported goods. These two ideas (self-sufficiency & tariffs) that Colbert applied to France allowed mercantilism to enrich France through having a favorable balance of trade. The textile industry expanded enormously due to Colbert’s policies, and â€Å"France†¦ had become in 1683 the leading nation of the world in industrial productivity. † This shows that France had successfully become self-sufficient, which means that the amount of imports coming into France were extremely low. Having the mother country become wealthier was the goal of mercantilism.Colbert’s policies were an effort in enriching France. He created a powerful merchant marine to transport French goods which allowed France to transport large amounts of goods easily and quickly when trading with other countries. Another country who had a powerful merchant marine was the Dutch. The Dutch East India Company is an example of the powerful merchant marine that the Dutch controlled during the 1600s. These countries both worked to control the trade of their country’s exports. They wanted to increase the amount of exports to enrich the mother country.France did this by giving bonuses to French ship owners and builders while establishing a method of training for sailors. This would allow France to be able to trade their goods quickly and efficiently making the amount of exports increase. The Dutch also used trade merchants to bring the Netherlands prodigious wealth. The Dutch merchant marine was the largest in Europe. They controlled trade, and since they dealt in bulk no country could undersell them. The Dutch East India company was a joint stock company that dealt with the transportation of goods.The company was extremely successful, and with the combination of the Dutch merchant marine and companies such as the Dutch East and West India Companies, the Netherlands enjoyed a great amount of success due to mercantilism. Both France and the Netherlands increased their amount of exports by creating powerful merchant marines. Mercantilism being the main economic philosophy during the Age of Exploration allowed countries like the Netherlands and France to become extremely wealthy. France used Colbert’s policies of self-sufficiency, high tariffs on imports, and a powerful merchant marine to create a favorable balance of trade for France.The Netherlands had become the financial center of Europe through controlling trade by having famous exports and successful transportation companies such as The Dutch East India Company. This allowed the Dutch industries to enrich the mother country. These policies from both countries are key components to what mercantilism is. Mercantilism is characterized by the country applying policies and institutions towards having a favorable balance of trade and having all of the economic goals set towards enriching the mother country. Mercantilism: International Trade and Favorable Balance Discuss economic policies and institutions that characterized mercantilism systems 1600-1800.During the Age of Exploration, mercantilism was the main economic philosophy. Mercantilism is a collection of governmental policies for the regulation of economic activities, mainly commercial activities, by and for the state. There are multiple ideas that characterize mercantilism. Mercantilism is characterized by the country applying policies and institutions such as the Navigational Acts, towards having a favorable balance of trade, extending borders, and having all of the economic goals set towards enriching the mother country.Having a favorable balance of trade was essential to mercantilism. A favorable balance of trade meant that there were more goods leaving the country to be sold (exports) than there were goods coming into the country to be bought (imports). This allows the country to be making more money than it’s losing. This means that the country will be making a profit ins tead of losing money or being at a standstill economically speaking. Jean Baptiste Colbert of France applied this idea to France by making France self-sufficient, so that France would not have to buy anything outside of itself meaning no imports.He did this by setting up a system of state inspection and regulation on domestic goods. He made domestic industries meet very high standards on their products because then the French could buy high quality goods locally instead of buying the same goods internationally. Also, a key component for France’s favorable balance of trade included Colbert applying high tariffs to imports. This would encourage the French to buy less goods from other countries. This gave citizens a higher incentive to stop buying imports and to buy domestically made goods.Now French goods were of high quality and they were much cheaper than imported goods. These two ideas (self-sufficiency & tariffs) that Colbert applied to France allowed mercantilism to enrich France through having a favorable  balance of trade. The textile industry expanded enormously due to Colbert’s policies, and â€Å"France†¦ had become in 1683 the leading nation of the world in industrial productivity.† This shows that France had successfully become self-sufficient, which means that the amount of imports coming into France were extremely low.Having the mother country become wealthier was the goal of mercantilism. Colbert’s policies were an effort in enriching France. He created a powerful merchant marine to transport French goods which allowed France to transport large amounts of goods easily and quickly when trading with other countries. Another country who had a powerful merchant marine was the Dutch. The Dutch East India Company is an example of the powerful merchant marine that the Dutch controlled during the 1600s. These countries both worked to control the trade of their country’s exports. They wanted to increase the amount of exports to enrich the mother country. France did this by giving bonuses to French ship owners and builders while establishing a method of training for sailors.This would allow France to be able to trade their goods quickly and efficiently making the amount of exports increase. The Dutch also used trade merchants to bring the Netherlands prodigious wealth. The Dutch merchant marine was the largest in Europe. They controlled trade, and since they dealt in bulk no country could undersell them.The Dutch East India company was a joint stock company that dealt with the transportation of goods. The company was extremely successful, and with the combination of the Dutch merchant marine and companies such as the Dutch East and West India Companies, the Netherlands enjoyed a great amount of success due to mercantilism. Both France and the Netherlands increased their amount of exports by creating powerful merchant marines.Mercantilism being the main economic philosophy during the Age of Exp loration allowed countries like the Netherlands and France to become extremely wealthy. France used Colbert’s policies of self-sufficiency, high tariffs on imports, and a powerful merchant marine to create a favorable balance of trade for France. The Netherlands had become the financial center of Europe through controlling trade by having famous exports and successful transportation companies such as The Dutch East India Company.This allowed the Dutch industries to enrich the mother country. These policies from both countries are key components to what mercantilism is. Mercantilism is characterized by the country applying policies and institutions towards having a favorable balance of trade and having all of the economic goals set towards enriching the mother country.

Impacts of Consumer Choice on Related Product Branding on...

IMPACTS OF RELATED PRODUCT BRANDING ON CONSUMER CHOICE OF COMMODITIES. A CASE STUDY OF COCA COLA DRINKS KIAMUNYI ESTATE(NAKURU). A RESEARCH PROPOSAL SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF COMMERCE DEGREE, TO THE FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS STUDIES. COMPILED BY; 1) EMMA KABINDIO CM/N/035/09 KABARAK UNIVERSITY MARCH, 2011 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this research proposal is my original work and has not been presented in this or any other university for the award of a degree or otherwise. EMMA KABINDIO CM/N/035/1/09 SIGN†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ TABLE OF CONTENTS†¦show more content†¦More than 500,000 brands are registered globally with pertinent regulatory bodies in different countries. Brands serve their owners by allowing them to cultivate customer recognition of, and loyalty toward, their offerings. Brands also serve the consumer by supplying information about the quality, origin, and value of goods and services. Without brands to guide buying decisions, the free market would become a confusing, faceless crowd of consumables. An established and respected brand can be the most valuable asset a company possesses. As manufacturers gained access to national markets, numerous brand names were born that would achieve legendary global status such as Coca-Cola which is an example of initial a brand that would become common household name by the mid-1900s.Brand extension for Coca Cola products enjoyed a great deal of popularity during the late 1990s. As product development and advertising costs increased, many companies sought to leverage the equity in their existing brands rather than attempting to launch new brands. 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Adopted a suitable product strategy is imperative for a firm as it cause a direct impact on the satisfaction of the customers. The backpack presented focuses on the function for sports consumers’ needs. This report is to figure out the best comprehensive strategy to fulfil consumers’ needs and simultaneously lowerRead MoreWhy Consumers Buy Products Over Other Similar Products Essay1226 Words   |  5 Pagesmindless everyday activity of providing nourishment and basic needs for your family. However, many consumers fail to realize how much consideration, time, and money is allocated by businesses attempting to understand why consumers buy products over other similar products. In Klein’s â€Å"No Logo† article she provides the history of branding and how companies have evolved their techniques to attra ct consumers. 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Notably, the most critical aspect of design to conquer is the choice of color. The color scheme in a design is what can sell the company or product to consumers. The most important step in choosing a color

Effects Of Gene Therapy On Children And The Existence Of...

Imagine a world where wheel chairs do not exist or the illnesses that cause the mandatory use of wheel chairs are wiped out. The advancement in science that is being used to explore the possibilities to prevent or cure human disease is called gene therapy. The purpose of gene therapy is to remove or reverse the mutation of the cells in an embryo or a child, thus eliminating the disease from the child and the existence of the disease. With this advancement in science, children who are diagnosed with an inherited death sentence or an illness that will cause suffering within their life span are given a second chance. The support of gene therapy would give hope to parents who suffer from the horrifying decision of â€Å"pulling the plug† on their young children who suffer from inherited illnesses. In addition, instead of allowing ourselves to endure the guilty conscious of knowing our children have a high chance of contracting a genetic illness, it’s time for legislation ar ound the world to fund the eradication of illnesses from embryos. Critics claim that the future of gene therapy will result in unborn children being treated as products when the parent imposes on their children’s natural life skills and physical features (â€Å"Human Enhancement: The New Eugenics.†). Also, ethicists worry that the process of successfully tinkering with an embryo opens doors to strive for perfect humans. Although there is the potential for the reemergence of eugenics and the creation of â€Å"designerShow MoreRelatedThe Difference of Sadness and Depression in Children Essay1658 Words   |  7 PagesNational Institute of Mental Health announced that depression is no longer considered â€Å"an adult disease,† it can also affect people at young age. 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Childhood Obesity Crtical Literature Review Dissertation

Issues around IVF This assignment with focus on IVF and will than define the term IVF. It will follow on looking at issues around IVF. It will also briefly touch catholic debates on IVF and the feminist view on IVF. Furthermore it will define utilitarianism and link it to IVF. Thus it will look at Kant’s theory and how that relates to IVF. There are some women who can’t get pregnant and have to go through In vitro fertilization (IVF) in order to have a baby. IVF involves an egg cell that being removed from the women’s ovaries which is then fertilised with a sperm. In order to see whether the embryo is develops a record is kept once it is place in the women’s womb. However as it’s not something guaranteed a 100 per cent and it†¦show more content†¦Moving on the feminist who see IVF as a social construction and not a technology fully in favor of women. Once more, the feminist approach considers women who choose reproductive technologies such as IVF aren’t controlling it only using as a technology. Therefore the thought of IVF makes women seem as victims and need to repair a part of themselves. In this case the feminist understand IVF as a male attempt of trying to control the female and her fertility. â€Å"You’re body’s letting you down† (E. Denney, 1994: P-71). The feminist seem to believe that the â€Å"reproductive technology is a product of the male reality. The values expressed in the technology objection, domination—are typical of male culture. The technology is male generated and buttresses male power over women† (J.Herring, 2008: P-323). Making the reproductive technology a male choice enforced on a woman. On the other hand the feminist also see hope in challenging traditional views of family, for example single women and lesbian having a child. In addition, the feminist accept the natural ways of conceiving a child through relationships between the male and female. Then again in today’s society the feminist do not support the idea off ‘childlessness’ as this is thought of an unattractive choice to most people (J.Herring, 2008). On the other hand utilitarianism which is defined as â€Å"A passing remark is all that needs be given to the ignorant blunder of supposing that

Dbq the Renaissance Free Essays

The Renaissance was primarily thought of as being a period in which the revival of learning flourished, and the arts changed for the better and ideas became more focused life on earth. It was a time when new ideas of individualism, the thought of secularism and the interest in human ideas jumpstarted a new and freer lifestyle for everyone. The new ideas formed in the renaissance made enough impact on the world them and ever since that it deserves to be called its own era. We will write a custom essay sample on Dbq the Renaissance or any similar topic only for you Order Now The medieval times was filled with ideas based just around the church. As the Renaissance began, the arts developed into a freer and move creative society based on more Greek and Roman ideas. â€Å"Finding the feudal and ecclesiastical literature and Gothic art of the Middle Ages uncongenial to their taste, they turned for inspiration to the civilization of Roman and Greek antiquity. † (Document 1) This shows how the mind of the Renaissance where done with all the ideas that dominated the world throughout the Middle Ages. The Renaissance artists wanted art that showed human beauty where as in the Middle ages art was very gothic and based in religion. Renaissance art is more lifelike than in the art of the Middle Ages, which was very blocky. They went to the Greek and Romans for all kinds of inspiration for example art. Based on the information given in Introduction to Classical, medieval and Renaissance Art the styles of the classic period and Renaissance and Classical Periods share many similar Characteristics but almost nothing in common with the Medieval period. In the Middles Ages arts main purpose was to teach those about religion who could not read or write. As the Renaissance started the ideas moved to show the importance of people and nature. This is a clear shift that helped define the difference between the two period and it will help support many of the other reasons as well. Along with the arts learning increase exponential. One of best ways to show an increase in learning is the amount of colleges in a country. Based on the facts given in document 8 it is clear to see the large increase of schools in the height of the Renaissance. In the mid to late 15th century when the world was in the height of the Renaissance 31 new University’s were founded compared to 10 in the 12-13 century in all of Europe besides Italy who entered the Renaissance early. This is clear fact proving that Europe was in a shift to a society not only based on the Church but in schools and learning. Leonardo da Vinci helped illustrate some of the ideas that where new and completely unheard of before the Renaissance. In Document 6 he showed the study of human anatomy. This is new because in the Middle ages the study of human beings and things on our planet where very limited. Majority of learning was done in the Church with relation only to the Church. In 1596 Johannes Kepler the author the Document 7 made observations on orbits and geometrical considerations. Using science to prove ideas is new to the world and would be frowned upon by the church in medieval times. Art and Learning are two major agreements for the fact that the Renaissance was its own period and helped shape the world, as we know it. There was one point that applied to both art and learning that completely set the Renaissance apart from the medieval times. Which was the study of secularism. â€Å"it is in the true order that mortal men should first care for mortal things† W. H, Draper (document 4) What he is saying played apart in all major parts that have been mentioned. For example art the Renaissance was known for its painting and sculpture with interest in nature and real people going real tasks. This is very different from the medieval times where it was based on the church and what they wanted to show. Also in the learning of the period ideas of Human Anatomy started to emerge as well as geometry and orbits (documents 6/7). With the Renaissance coming back to the â€Å"real world’ it marked a change in history. All aspects of life have changed thanks to the ideas that started in this time period. As well as some of the greatest artist and philosophers to ever live. The ideas that came out in the Renaissance where Cleary enough to call its own period in time. The revival of learning flourished, the arts and ideas became more focused life on earth. Though exact start and end dates are not clear everyone should be able to comprehend the importance of this Renaissance and say that it the information provided is enough to prove that The Renaissance period has a place in history which is completely different then the Medieval times. How to cite Dbq the Renaissance, Papers

Rationing Healthcare free essay sample

Facts such as these lead most experts and scholars such as Peter Singer, bioethics professor at Princeton University, to believe rationing of healthcare is not only necessary but highly desired for all stakeholders involved. The fact of the matter is that healthcare is a scarce resource, and like all scarce resources, it requires close management and rationing to ensure its best use. At present, healthcare in a sense, is rationed through price. In the realm of public opinion however, rationing healthcare is often times connected to the highly politicized word, ‘socialism’ and is highly undesired. In its truest form however, rationing simply put, is a way of distributing limited resources to garner the best overall â€Å"bang for the buck. † In healthcare, rationing is a manner of which providing the best quality of care to the largest number of patients. Investopedia defines rationing as: The artificial restriction of raw materials, goods or services. Rationing commonly occurs when governments fear a shortage and want to make sure people have access to necessities, such as after a natural disaster or during a war. Governments can also impose rationing in the face of failed policies such as central planning, or may be forced to use rationing as a result of shortages (Definition of ’Rationing’, 2013, p. 1). This paper’s purpose is to examine the rationale behind the rationing of healthcare. It will examine the affect it has on healthcare delivery, impact on healthcare providers and consumers, possible solutions, and the role healthcare administrators/managers play in the process. The paper will reference institutions such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and other national healthcare systems like Great Britain, Australia, and Canada. In addition, a definition of quality-adjusted life-year will be presented and debated as a possible option to ration care fair and proportionately. Affect Rationing Has on Healthcare Delivery. Challenger’s arguement. Sally C. Pipes, Chief Executive officer of Pacific Research Institute and adversary to the rationing of healthcare, wrote an article titled â€Å"Obama Will Ration Your Healthcare. Within the article, many subjects are discussed, including the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), a rationing system that controls government costs. It is Pipes’ belief that rationing healthcare will result in the elderly population being discriminated against due to cost benefit analysis. Her article goes on further to state, â€Å"the process of determining whi ch drugs and which treatments would be approved for use would be quickly politicized† (Pipes, 2008, para. 9). There is strong argument that rationing healthcare would ultimately fail in the hands of public opinion. To make this point, Pipes references lessons learned in managed care during the 1990’s. The goal of cost containment was successful however rejected by US citizens resulting in Congress passing a patient’s Bill of Rights (Pipes, 2008, para. 8). Other advocates against healthcare rationing state similar responses to Sally Pipes. Claire Andre and Manuel Velasquez, members of the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics, go as far as quoting Euripedes, 500 B. C. I hate the men who would prolong their lives by foods and drinks and charms of magic art perverting natures course to keep off death. They ought, when they no longer serve the land to quit this life, and clear the way for youth. It is their firm belief that through rationing, healthcare would result in the elderly and disabled populations being limited in their care because of a measure called a quality-adjusted life- year (QALY). QALY is a unit designed to enable a comparison of the benefits achieved by different forms of health care (Singer, 2009, para. 22). Andre and Velasquez state the morals of such rationing would be unjust and take away constitutional rights to receive equal care. Proponent’s arguement. Many proponents for rationing healthcare resources feel it is only a matter of time before it becomes necessary. Healthcare analysts and providers predict a health care crisis because of: * Costs of Healthcare * Increased number of uninsured individuals * Unknown status of current healthcare system Factors that are affecting these conclusions consist of: * Expenses are rising faster than the cost of living. Medicare and Medicaid spending (which comprises 26 percent of the federal budget) is expanding faster than the economic growth rate * Individuals and their families continue to pay a significant amount out of pocket (Ukleja Center for Ethical Leadership, 2012, Slide 3) While these factors are compelling, the numbers representing US spending costs ultimately lend credence to the argument for healthcare rationing. In June of 2011, the National Coalition on Health Care reported healthcare spending reached 18. 2% of US Gross Domestic Product (GDP), up by 5. % from the prior year (The National Coalition on Health Care, 2011, p. 1). With a continued climb in spending, insolvency of the current healthcare system could occur as early as eight years. President Obama has plainly stated â€Å"that America’s health care system is broken† (Singer, 2009, para. 5). Proponents for the rationing of healthcare are in agreement with the President and see little to no alternative. While some feel rationing is the way to avoid bankrupting the healthcare system others believe the wrong form of rationing is already occurring in the form of ability to pay. Examples of such rationing comes in the form of pharmaceutical deductibles for life saving medication. If the individual is unable to afford the medication they go without. Professionals like Simon Rottenberg, Professor of Economics at the University of Massachusetts, and David J. Theroux, President and Chief Executive Officer of The Independent Institute and Publisher of The Independent Review, warn against this form of rationing and instead, believe it should be based on a measurement of life quality. They state: There is a strong emotional attraction for price controls as a way for the government to â€Å"do something. † However, well-intentioned motives are not enough—the results also count and whether the consequences from government action are beneficial to the public, especially the disadvantaged, or not (Rottenberg amp; Theroux, 1994, p. 1). Examples of where well-intentioned government motives failed in their attempts to ration health care based on price can be found in Germany and Japan. Due to the belt tightening based price rationing both countries experienced shortages of medications, reduced funding for research, and black market criminal activity, along with dissatisfied patients (Rottenberg amp; Theroux, 1994, p. 2). Although there is a valid argument for rationed care, determination of what factor should be used to determine who gets what care is still up for debate. Under the solutions category of this paper quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) will be further defined and labeled as the best way to ration care. A method for calculating QALY will be explained and its validity defended. Current Impact on Healthcare Consumers and Institutions. Health care organizations around the world all rely on some form of rationing of care due to limited resources. Ultimately rationing limits access to healthcare. In the case of the United States, this is done through health coverage both government and private. Creating a universal coverage system will require a rationing system that is both ethical and cost effective. Its impacts can only be examined in theory based on review and comparing of the US to that of other countries’ such as Canada and Great Britain. Review of healthcare rationing in the United States. When comparing the United States’ current healthcare coverage system to those of other countries, the country does not measure up. Under the current system, health care costs in the US result in absorption of approximately one in six dollars of national spending (Singer, 2009). A poor economy along with increased healthcare costs have reduced the number of those with healthcare coverage. In 2012 the estimates indicate approximately 44. 6% of US citizens have health care coverage, a decline of 1. % from the prior year (Young, 2013). At present, the US spends 1. 5 times more than other countries around the world (Kane, 2012, para. 8) with 90% percent of Americans who believe the US healthcare system needs fundamental changes or a complete overhaul (Center for American Progress, 2007, p. 3). Great Britain. In Britain, all citizens have healthcare coverage, a sharp contrast to the United States. 76% of citizens in Great Britain approve of the current system (Singer, 2009) and 9. 6% of GDP is spent on their healthcare needs (Kane, 2012, table 2). The country uses the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) as a resource for determining the rationing of health care services. NICE is an independent organization that provides national guidance and standards on the promotion of good health and the prevention and treatment of ill health (NHS Choices, 2011, para. 3). The organization focuses on: * Public health * Health technologies * Clinical practice * Quality standards * Quality and outcomes framework Canada. Possible Solution. QALY is an opportunity as a measurement for a unbiased approach to organizing healthcare under an umbrella of unified understanding. As a proponent to rationing of healthcare, QALY offers an approach that focuses on the best quality of life compared to that of life extensions. For example, an individual who is 3o years of age has a life expectancy of 70 years compared to that of someone who is 85 years of age who has exceeded their life expectancy. It is cost beneficial to provide life -saving medicine to the individual who is at 30 opposed to the one who are 85 because there is a greater bang for the buck. In essence QALY is a measurement that can help determine the best way to use resources and allocate funds toward the best overall outcome. Unfortunately this decision can result in death for those of less dire circumstances or for those that are less likely to result in successful outcomes. Until American citizens decide on the emphasis of cost vs. life the matter will remain unresolved. Until then, healthcare remains in a grey area where they attempt to balance the value of life with the costs that are associate with maintaining life. References Andre, C. amp; Velasquez, M. (2010). Aged-Based Health Care Rationing. Retrieved from http://www. scu. edu/ethics/publications/iie/v3n3/age. html Center for American Progress. (2007). Health Care by the Numbers: Ensure Affordable Coverage for All. Retrieved from http://www. americanprogress. org/issues/healthcare/news/2007/05/03/2962/health-care-by-the-numbers/ Definition of ’Rationing’. (2013). Retrieved from http://www. inves topedia. com/terms/r/rationing. asp#axzz2Lp5M2H7u Kane, J. (2012). Health Costs: How the U. S. Compares With Other Countries. Retrieved from http://www. pbs. rg/newshour/rundown/2012/10/health-costs-how-the-us-compares-with-other-countries. html NHS Choices. (2011). Health watchdogs and authorities . Retrieved from http://www. nhs. uk/NHSEngland/thenhs/healthregulators/Pages/nice. aspx Pipes, S. C. (2008). Obama Will Ration Your Health Care. Retrieved from http://online. wsj. com/article/SB123060332638041525. html Rottenberg, S. , amp; Theroux, D. J. (1994). Rationing Health Care: Price Controls Are Hazardous to Our Health . Retrieved from http://www. independent. org/publications/article. asp? id=1201 Singer, P. (2009). Why We Must Ration Health Care. Retrieved from http://www. nytimes. com/2009/07/19/magazine/19healthcare-t. html? pagewanted=allamp;_r=0 The National Coalition on Health Care. (2011). Health Care Spending as Percentage of GDP Reaches All-Time High. Retrieved from http://nchc. org/node/1171 Ukleja Center for Ethical Leadership. (2012). Rationing Health Care. Retrieved from www. csulb. edu/colleges/cba/ucel/modules/documents/rationing-health Young, J. (2013). Number of Uninsured in U. S. Rises as Workers Lose Jobs and Health Insurance. Retrieved from http://www. huffingtonpost. com/2012/02/14/number-of-uninsured-in-us_n_1276189. html